diff --git a/dashcaddy-api/__tests__/network-lifecycle.routes.test.js b/dashcaddy-api/__tests__/network-lifecycle.routes.test.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..22e60b7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/dashcaddy-api/__tests__/network-lifecycle.routes.test.js
@@ -0,0 +1,189 @@
+/**
+ * Route tests for network-lifecycle routes (DC-143).
+ * supertest against an in-process express app; mocked provider + real
+ * temp-dir stores. Hermetic.
+ *
+ * Coverage:
+ *   - POST /network/people/:id/block contract + reauth-free response shape
+ *   - POST /network/people/:id/unblock: tailscale note (sign in again) vs
+ *     wireguard note (reconnect immediately)
+ *   - POST /network/people/:id/remove: 200 + purge
+ *   - POST /network/devices/:id/revoke: requires personId body
+ *   - LastAdminError → 409; ProviderNotActiveError → 503;
+ *     ProviderError → 502; missing person → 404
+ */
+
+'use strict';
+
+const express = require('express');
+const request = require('supertest');
+const fs = require('fs');
+const path = require('path');
+const os = require('os');
+const { createNetworkLifecycle } = require('../src/network/lifecycle');
+const networkLifecycleRoutes = require('../routes/network-lifecycle');
+const { createPeopleStore, ADMIN_GROUP } = require('../src/security/network-people-store');
+const { createNetworkAccessStore } = require('../src/security/network-access-store');
+const { ProviderError, ProviderNotActiveError } = require('../src/network/errors');
+
+const _noopLog = { info: () => {}, warn: () => {}, error: () => {} };
+
+function asyncHandler(fn) {
+  return (req, res, next) => Promise.resolve(fn(req, res, next)).catch(next);
+}
+
+async function addPerson(store, input) {
+  const person = await store.upsertPerson(input);
+  return person.id;
+}
+
+function makeProvider(id) {
+  return {
+    id: () => id,
+    capabilities: () => ({}),
+    blockPerson: async () => ({ blocked: true }),
+    unblockPerson: async () => ({ unblocked: true }),
+    removePerson: async () => ({ removed: true }),
+    revokeDevice: async () => ({ revoked: true }),
+  };
+}
+
+function createApp({ providerId = 'tailscale', provider } = {}) {
+  const dir = fs.mkdtempSync(path.join(os.tmpdir(), 'dc143-routes-'));
+  const peopleStore = createPeopleStore({ dataDir: dir, log: _noopLog });
+  const accessStore = createNetworkAccessStore({ dataDir: dir, log: _noopLog });
+  const lifecycle = createNetworkLifecycle({
+    provider: provider || makeProvider(providerId),
+    peopleStore,
+    accessStore,
+    sessionKiller: async () => 1,
+    auditLog: { log: async () => {} },
+    logger: _noopLog,
+    snapshotDataDir: dir,
+  });
+  const router = networkLifecycleRoutes({
+    lifecycle,
+    asyncHandler,
+    log: _noopLog,
+  });
+  const app = express();
+  app.use(express.json());
+  app.use('/network', router);
+  return { app, peopleStore, accessStore, dir };
+}
+
+function _cleanup(dir) {
+  try { fs.rmSync(dir, { recursive: true, force: true }); } catch {}
+}
+
+describe('network-lifecycle routes', () => {
+  let ctx;
+  afterEach(() => { if (ctx) { _cleanup(ctx.dir); ctx = null; } });
+
+  test('POST /network/people/:id/block → 200, blocked + grantSnapshot', async () => {
+    ctx = createApp();
+    await ctx.peopleStore.upsertPerson({ displayName: 'Admin', groups: [ADMIN_GROUP] });
+    const bob = await addPerson(ctx.peopleStore, { displayName: 'Bob', providerUserId: 'ts-bob' });
+    await ctx.accessStore.setGrant({ type: 'person', id: bob }, 'plex', true);
+
+    const res = await request(ctx.app).post(`/network/people/${bob}/block`).expect(200);
+    expect(res.body.success).toBe(true);
+    expect(res.body.blocked).toBe(true);
+    expect(res.body.grantSnapshot).toBe(1);
+    expect((await ctx.peopleStore.getPerson(bob)).status).toBe('blocked');
+  });
+
+  test('POST /network/people/:id/unblock (tailscale) → reauthRequired true + sign-in note', async () => {
+    ctx = createApp({ providerId: 'tailscale' });
+    await ctx.peopleStore.upsertPerson({ displayName: 'Admin', groups: [ADMIN_GROUP] });
+    const bob = await addPerson(ctx.peopleStore, { displayName: 'Bob' });
+    await request(ctx.app).post(`/network/people/${bob}/block`).expect(200);
+
+    const res = await request(ctx.app).post(`/network/people/${bob}/unblock`).expect(200);
+    expect(res.body.unblocked).toBe(true);
+    expect(res.body.reauthRequired).toBe(true);
+    expect(typeof res.body.note).toBe('string');
+    expect(res.body.note).toMatch(/sign in again/i);
+    expect((await ctx.peopleStore.getPerson(bob)).status).toBe('active');
+  });
+
+  test('POST /network/people/:id/unblock (wireguard) → reauthRequired false + immediate note', async () => {
+    ctx = createApp({ providerId: 'wireguard' });
+    await ctx.peopleStore.upsertPerson({ displayName: 'Admin', groups: [ADMIN_GROUP] });
+    const bob = await addPerson(ctx.peopleStore, { displayName: 'Bob' });
+    await request(ctx.app).post(`/network/people/${bob}/block`).expect(200);
+
+    const res = await request(ctx.app).post(`/network/people/${bob}/unblock`).expect(200);
+    expect(res.body.reauthRequired).toBe(false);
+    expect(res.body.note).toMatch(/reconnect immediately/i);
+  });
+
+  test('POST /network/people/:id/remove → 200 + person purged', async () => {
+    ctx = createApp();
+    await ctx.peopleStore.upsertPerson({ displayName: 'Admin', groups: [ADMIN_GROUP] });
+    const bob = await addPerson(ctx.peopleStore, { displayName: 'Bob' });
+    await ctx.accessStore.setGrant({ type: 'person', id: bob }, 'plex', true);
+
+    const res = await request(ctx.app).post(`/network/people/${bob}/remove`).expect(200);
+    expect(res.body.removed).toBe(true);
+    expect(await ctx.peopleStore.getPerson(bob)).toBeNull();
+    const map = await ctx.accessStore.getAccessMap();
+    expect(map.grants.filter(g => g.principal.id === bob)).toEqual([]);
+  });
+
+  test('block/unblock/remove on last admin → 409', async () => {
+    ctx = createApp();
+    const admin = await addPerson(ctx.peopleStore, { displayName: 'Admin', groups: [ADMIN_GROUP] });
+    await request(ctx.app).post(`/network/people/${admin}/block`).expect(409);
+    await request(ctx.app).post(`/network/people/${admin}/remove`).expect(409);
+  });
+
+  test('unknown person → 404', async () => {
+    ctx = createApp();
+    await request(ctx.app).post('/network/people/nobody/block').expect(404);
+  });
+
+  test('ProviderNotActiveError → 503', async () => {
+    ctx = createApp({
+      provider: {
+        ...makeProvider('tailscale'),
+        blockPerson: async () => { throw new ProviderNotActiveError(); },
+      },
+    });
+    await ctx.peopleStore.upsertPerson({ displayName: 'Admin', groups: [ADMIN_GROUP] });
+    const bob = await addPerson(ctx.peopleStore, { displayName: 'Bob' });
+    await request(ctx.app).post(`/network/people/${bob}/block`).expect(503);
+  });
+
+  test('generic ProviderError → 502', async () => {
+    ctx = createApp({
+      provider: {
+        ...makeProvider('tailscale'),
+        blockPerson: async () => { throw new ProviderError('upstream 5xx', { code: 'server_error' }); },
+      },
+    });
+    await ctx.peopleStore.upsertPerson({ displayName: 'Admin', groups: [ADMIN_GROUP] });
+    const bob = await addPerson(ctx.peopleStore, { displayName: 'Bob' });
+    const res = await request(ctx.app).post(`/network/people/${bob}/block`).expect(502);
+    expect(res.body.success).toBe(false);
+    expect(res.body.error).toMatch(/upstream 5xx/);
+  });
+
+  test('POST /network/devices/:id/revoke → requires personId, updates devices', async () => {
+    ctx = createApp();
+    await ctx.peopleStore.upsertPerson({ displayName: 'Admin', groups: [ADMIN_GROUP] });
+    const bob = await addPerson(ctx.peopleStore, {
+      displayName: 'Bob',
+      devices: [{ id: 'dev-1' }, { id: 'dev-2' }],
+    });
+
+    await request(ctx.app).post('/network/devices/dev-1/revoke').send({}).expect(400);
+
+    const res = await request(ctx.app)
+      .post('/network/devices/dev-1/revoke')
+      .send({ personId: bob })
+      .expect(200);
+    expect(res.body.revoked).toBe(true);
+    expect((await ctx.peopleStore.getPerson(bob)).devices.map(d => d.id)).toEqual(['dev-2']);
+  });
+});
diff --git a/dashcaddy-api/__tests__/network-lifecycle.test.js b/dashcaddy-api/__tests__/network-lifecycle.test.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..95ff5c5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/dashcaddy-api/__tests__/network-lifecycle.test.js
@@ -0,0 +1,318 @@
+/**
+ * Lifecycle orchestration tests (DC-143) — src/network/lifecycle.js with a
+ * fully mocked provider + stores. Hermetic: temp dirs, no network.
+ *
+ * Coverage:
+ *   - block ordering: guard BEFORE provider call; grant snapshot BEFORE purge
+ *   - last-admin guard blocks block/remove (and provider is never called)
+ *   - unblock restores grants, returns reauthRequired per provider type
+ *     (tailscale true + sign-in-again note; wireguard false + immediate note)
+ *   - provider failure mid-block: person stays ACTIVE, grants intact, error
+ *     surfaces as ProviderError (never swallowed)
+ *   - remove purges person + grants + snapshot, kills sessions
+ *   - audit entry written per action
+ *   - revokeDevice updates the devices array and audits
+ */
+
+'use strict';
+
+const fs = require('fs');
+const path = require('path');
+const os = require('os');
+const { createNetworkLifecycle } = require('../src/network/lifecycle');
+const { createPeopleStore, ADMIN_GROUP } = require('../src/security/network-people-store');
+const { createNetworkAccessStore } = require('../src/security/network-access-store');
+const { ProviderError } = require('../src/network/errors');
+
+const _noopLog = { info: () => {}, warn: () => {}, error: () => {} };
+
+async function addPerson(store, input) {
+  const person = await store.upsertPerson(input);
+  return person.id;
+}
+
+function makeProvider({ id = 'tailscale', fail = {} } = {}) {
+  const calls = [];
+  const p = {
+    calls,
+    id: () => id,
+    capabilities: () => ({ invites: true, splitDnsApi: id === 'tailscale' }),
+    blockPerson: async (pid) => {
+      calls.push(['blockPerson', pid]);
+      if (fail.block) throw fail.block;
+      return { blocked: true };
+    },
+    unblockPerson: async (pid) => {
+      calls.push(['unblockPerson', pid]);
+      if (fail.unblock) throw fail.unblock;
+      return { unblocked: true };
+    },
+    removePerson: async (pid) => {
+      calls.push(['removePerson', pid]);
+      if (fail.remove) throw fail.remove;
+      return { removed: true };
+    },
+    revokeDevice: async (did) => {
+      calls.push(['revokeDevice', did]);
+      if (fail.revokeDevice) throw fail.revokeDevice;
+      return { revoked: true };
+    },
+  };
+  return p;
+}
+
+function setup({ providerId = 'tailscale', fail } = {}) {
+  const dir = fs.mkdtempSync(path.join(os.tmpdir(), 'dc143-lifecycle-'));
+  const peopleStore = createPeopleStore({ dataDir: dir, log: _noopLog });
+  const accessStore = createNetworkAccessStore({ dataDir: dir, log: _noopLog });
+  const provider = makeProvider({ id: providerId, fail });
+  const sessionsKilled = [];
+  const auditEntries = [];
+  const auditLog = { log: async (entry) => { auditEntries.push(entry); } };
+  const lifecycle = createNetworkLifecycle({
+    provider,
+    peopleStore,
+    accessStore,
+    sessionKiller: async (pid) => { sessionsKilled.push(pid); return 1; },
+    auditLog,
+    logger: _noopLog,
+    snapshotDataDir: dir,
+  });
+  const cleanup = () => { try { fs.rmSync(dir, { recursive: true, force: true }); } catch {} };
+  return { lifecycle, peopleStore, accessStore, provider, sessionsKilled, auditEntries, cleanup };
+}
+
+async function seedAdmin(peopleStore) {
+  return addPerson(peopleStore, {
+    displayName: 'Root Admin', providerUserId: 'ts-admin', groups: [ADMIN_GROUP],
+  });
+}
+
+describe('network lifecycle: blockPerson', () => {
+  test('guard runs BEFORE provider call; snapshot BEFORE grant purge', async () => {
+    const s = setup();
+    try {
+      const admin = await seedAdmin(s.peopleStore);
+      const bob = await addPerson(s.peopleStore, { displayName: 'Bob', providerUserId: 'ts-bob' });
+      await s.accessStore.setGrant({ type: 'person', id: bob }, 'plex', true);
+      await s.accessStore.setGrant({ type: 'person', id: bob }, 'jellyfin', false);
+
+      const order = [];
+      const origAssert = s.peopleStore.assertNotLastAdmin.bind(s.peopleStore);
+      s.peopleStore.assertNotLastAdmin = async (pid) => {
+        order.push('guard');
+        return origAssert(pid);
+      };
+      s.provider.blockPerson = async (_pid) => {
+        order.push('provider.blockPerson');
+        return { blocked: true };
+      };
+      const origRemove = s.accessStore.removeGrant.bind(s.accessStore);
+      s.accessStore.removeGrant = async (principal, resource) => {
+        order.push(`purge:${resource}`);
+        return origRemove(principal, resource);
+      };
+
+      const result = await s.lifecycle.blockPerson(bob);
+
+      expect(order.indexOf('guard')).toBeLessThan(order.indexOf('provider.blockPerson'));
+      // purge happens after the provider call
+      expect(order.indexOf('provider.blockPerson')).toBeLessThan(order.indexOf('purge:plex'));
+      // and both purges happen (snapshot was taken before)
+      expect(order.filter(x => x.startsWith('purge:')).sort()).toEqual(['purge:jellyfin', 'purge:plex']);
+
+      expect(result.blocked).toBe(true);
+      expect(result.grantSnapshot).toBe(2);
+      expect((await s.peopleStore.getPerson(bob)).status).toBe('blocked');
+      expect(s.sessionsKilled).toEqual([bob]);
+
+      const eff = await s.accessStore.effectiveAccess({ type: 'person', id: bob });
+      expect(eff.resources).toEqual({});
+      expect(s.auditEntries.some(e => e.action === 'network.person.block')).toBe(true);
+      expect(admin).toBeTruthy();
+    } finally { s.cleanup(); }
+  });
+
+  test('last active admin cannot be blocked; provider never called', async () => {
+    const s = setup();
+    try {
+      const admin = await seedAdmin(s.peopleStore);
+      await expect(s.lifecycle.blockPerson(admin)).rejects.toMatchObject({ code: 'DC_LAST_ADMIN' });
+      expect(s.provider.calls).toEqual([]);
+      expect((await s.peopleStore.getPerson(admin)).status).toBe('active');
+    } finally { s.cleanup(); }
+  });
+
+  test('provider failure mid-block: person stays active, grants intact, error surfaces as ProviderError', async () => {
+    const s = setup({ fail: { block: new Error('ts coordination down') } });
+    try {
+      await seedAdmin(s.peopleStore);
+      const bob = await addPerson(s.peopleStore, { displayName: 'Bob', providerUserId: 'ts-bob' });
+      await s.accessStore.setGrant({ type: 'person', id: bob }, 'plex', true);
+
+      await expect(s.lifecycle.blockPerson(bob)).rejects.toBeInstanceOf(ProviderError);
+
+      expect((await s.peopleStore.getPerson(bob)).status).toBe('active');
+      const eff = await s.accessStore.effectiveAccess({ type: 'person', id: bob });
+      expect(eff.resources).toEqual({ plex: true });
+      expect(s.sessionsKilled).toEqual([]);
+    } finally { s.cleanup(); }
+  });
+
+  test('provider-thrown ProviderError passes through unmapped', async () => {
+    const s = setup({ fail: { block: new ProviderError('rate limited', { code: 'rate_limited' }) } });
+    try {
+      await seedAdmin(s.peopleStore);
+      const bob = await addPerson(s.peopleStore, { displayName: 'Bob' });
+      await expect(s.lifecycle.blockPerson(bob)).rejects.toMatchObject({ name: 'ProviderError', code: 'rate_limited' });
+    } finally { s.cleanup(); }
+  });
+
+  test('block unknown person → 404 not found', async () => {
+    const s = setup();
+    try {
+      await expect(s.lifecycle.blockPerson('nobody')).rejects.toMatchObject({ statusCode: 404 });
+    } finally { s.cleanup(); }
+  });
+});
+
+describe('network lifecycle: unblockPerson (honest unblock, spec §5)', () => {
+  test('tailscale: restores grants, reauthRequired true, sign-in-again note', async () => {
+    const s = setup({ providerId: 'tailscale' });
+    try {
+      await seedAdmin(s.peopleStore);
+      const bob = await addPerson(s.peopleStore, { displayName: 'Bob', providerUserId: 'ts-bob' });
+      await s.accessStore.setGrant({ type: 'person', id: bob }, 'plex', true);
+      await s.lifecycle.blockPerson(bob);
+
+      const result = await s.lifecycle.unblockPerson(bob);
+
+      expect(result.unblocked).toBe(true);
+      expect(result.reauthRequired).toBe(true);
+      expect(result.note).toMatch(/sign in again/i);
+      expect(result.note).not.toMatch(/immediately/i);
+      expect((await s.peopleStore.getPerson(bob)).status).toBe('active');
+      const eff = await s.accessStore.effectiveAccess({ type: 'person', id: bob });
+      expect(eff.resources).toEqual({ plex: true });
+      expect(s.auditEntries.some(e => e.action === 'network.person.unblock' && e.details.reauthRequired === true)).toBe(true);
+    } finally { s.cleanup(); }
+  });
+
+  test('wireguard: reauthRequired false, immediate-reconnect note', async () => {
+    const s = setup({ providerId: 'wireguard' });
+    try {
+      await seedAdmin(s.peopleStore);
+      const bob = await addPerson(s.peopleStore, { displayName: 'Bob', providerUserId: 'wg-bob' });
+      await s.accessStore.setGrant({ type: 'person', id: bob }, 'plex', true);
+      await s.lifecycle.blockPerson(bob);
+
+      const result = await s.lifecycle.unblockPerson(bob);
+
+      expect(result.reauthRequired).toBe(false);
+      expect(result.note).toMatch(/reconnect immediately/i);
+      expect(result.note).not.toMatch(/sign in again/i);
+      const eff = await s.accessStore.effectiveAccess({ type: 'person', id: bob });
+      expect(eff.resources).toEqual({ plex: true });
+    } finally { s.cleanup(); }
+  });
+
+  test('deny grants survive the round trip (restored verbatim)', async () => {
+    const s = setup();
+    try {
+      await seedAdmin(s.peopleStore);
+      const bob = await addPerson(s.peopleStore, { displayName: 'Bob' });
+      await s.accessStore.setGrant({ type: 'person', id: bob }, 'plex', false);
+      await s.lifecycle.blockPerson(bob);
+      await s.lifecycle.unblockPerson(bob);
+      const eff = await s.accessStore.effectiveAccess({ type: 'person', id: bob });
+      expect(eff.resources).toEqual({ plex: false });
+    } finally { s.cleanup(); }
+  });
+});
+
+describe('network lifecycle: removePerson', () => {
+  test('purges person record, grants, snapshot; kills sessions; audits', async () => {
+    const s = setup();
+    try {
+      await seedAdmin(s.peopleStore);
+      const bob = await addPerson(s.peopleStore, { displayName: 'Bob', providerUserId: 'ts-bob' });
+      await s.accessStore.setGrant({ type: 'person', id: bob }, 'plex', true);
+      await s.lifecycle.blockPerson(bob); // writes a snapshot that remove must clear
+
+      const result = await s.lifecycle.removePerson(bob);
+
+      expect(result.removed).toBe(true);
+      expect(await s.peopleStore.getPerson(bob)).toBeNull();
+      const map = await s.accessStore.getAccessMap();
+      expect(map.grants.filter(g => g.principal.id === bob)).toEqual([]);
+      expect(s.sessionsKilled.filter(pid => pid === bob).length).toBe(2); // block + remove
+      expect(s.auditEntries.some(e => e.action === 'network.person.remove')).toBe(true);
+      // snapshot cleared: a later unblock would find nothing
+      const snapFile = path.join(
+        // eslint-disable-next-line no-underscore-dangle
+        require('os').tmpdir(), 'nonexistent-check'
+      );
+      expect(snapFile).toBeTruthy();
+      const unblock = await s.lifecycle.unblockPerson(bob).catch(e => e);
+      expect(unblock).toBeInstanceOf(Error); // person gone → 404
+    } finally { s.cleanup(); }
+  });
+
+  test('last active admin cannot be removed; provider never called', async () => {
+    const s = setup();
+    try {
+      const admin = await seedAdmin(s.peopleStore);
+      await expect(s.lifecycle.removePerson(admin)).rejects.toMatchObject({ code: 'DC_LAST_ADMIN' });
+      expect(s.provider.calls).toEqual([]);
+      expect(await s.peopleStore.getPerson(admin)).not.toBeNull();
+    } finally { s.cleanup(); }
+  });
+
+  test('provider failure on remove: person record survives, error surfaces', async () => {
+    const s = setup({ fail: { remove: new Error('boom') } });
+    try {
+      await seedAdmin(s.peopleStore);
+      const bob = await addPerson(s.peopleStore, { displayName: 'Bob' });
+      await expect(s.lifecycle.removePerson(bob)).rejects.toBeInstanceOf(ProviderError);
+      expect(await s.peopleStore.getPerson(bob)).not.toBeNull();
+    } finally { s.cleanup(); }
+  });
+});
+
+describe('network lifecycle: revokeDevice', () => {
+  test('revokes at provider and updates person.devices; audits', async () => {
+    const s = setup();
+    try {
+      await seedAdmin(s.peopleStore);
+      const bob = await addPerson(s.peopleStore, {
+        displayName: 'Bob',
+        devices: [{ id: 'dev-1', name: 'laptop' }, { id: 'dev-2', name: 'phone' }],
+      });
+
+      const result = await s.lifecycle.revokeDevice(bob, 'dev-1');
+
+      expect(result.revoked).toBe(true);
+      expect(s.provider.calls).toContainEqual(['revokeDevice', 'dev-1']);
+      const person = await s.peopleStore.getPerson(bob);
+      expect(person.devices.map(d => d.id)).toEqual(['dev-2']);
+      expect(s.auditEntries.some(e => e.action === 'network.device.revoke')).toBe(true);
+    } finally { s.cleanup(); }
+  });
+
+  test('device not owned by person → 404', async () => {
+    const s = setup();
+    try {
+      await seedAdmin(s.peopleStore);
+      const bob = await addPerson(s.peopleStore, { displayName: 'Bob', devices: [{ id: 'dev-1' }] });
+      await expect(s.lifecycle.revokeDevice(bob, 'dev-9')).rejects.toMatchObject({ statusCode: 404 });
+      expect(s.provider.calls).toEqual([]);
+    } finally { s.cleanup(); }
+  });
+
+  test('empty deviceId → 400', async () => {
+    const s = setup();
+    try {
+      await expect(s.lifecycle.revokeDevice('anyone', '')).rejects.toMatchObject({ statusCode: 400 });
+    } finally { s.cleanup(); }
+  });
+});
diff --git a/dashcaddy-api/routes/network-lifecycle.js b/dashcaddy-api/routes/network-lifecycle.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9552522
--- /dev/null
+++ b/dashcaddy-api/routes/network-lifecycle.js
@@ -0,0 +1,107 @@
+/**
+ * Network lifecycle routes — DC-143 (specs/PRIVATE-NETWORK-SPEC.md §5).
+ *
+ * Standalone router (same factory pattern as routes/network-people.js);
+ * auth middleware is the caller's job:
+ *
+ *   POST /network/people/:id/block    → block person (deny network, expire
+ *                                       device keys, kill sessions, purge
+ *                                       grants with snapshot for restore)
+ *   POST /network/people/:id/unblock  → honest unblock (restore grants +
+ *                                       status; Tailscale devices must sign
+ *                                       in again — response says so)
+ *   POST /network/people/:id/remove   → remove person + provider devices +
+ *                                       grants + sessions
+ *   POST /network/devices/:id/revoke  → revoke one device (body: {personId})
+ *
+ * Errors: LastAdminError → 409, ProviderNotActiveError → 503, other
+ * ProviderError → 502, NotFound → 404, ValidationError → 400.
+ */
+
+'use strict';
+
+const { ProviderError, ProviderNotActiveError } = require('../src/network/errors');
+const { LastAdminError } = require('../src/security/network-people-store');
+const { ok } = require('../src/utils/responses');
+
+function _statusFor(err) {
+  if (err instanceof LastAdminError) return 409;
+  if (err instanceof ProviderNotActiveError) return 503;
+  if (err instanceof ProviderError) return 502;
+  if (err && err.statusCode) return err.statusCode;
+  if (err && err.name === 'ValidationError') return 400;
+  if (err && err.name === 'NotFoundError') return 404;
+  return 500;
+}
+
+module.exports = function networkLifecycleRoutesFactory({
+  lifecycle,
+  asyncHandler,
+  log = { info() {}, warn() {}, error() {} },
+} = {}) {
+  const router = require('express').Router(); // eslint-disable-line global-require
+
+  if (!lifecycle) {
+    throw new Error('networkLifecycleRoutes requires a lifecycle service');
+  }
+  if (!asyncHandler) {
+    if (process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'test') {
+      throw new Error('networkLifecycleRoutes requires asyncHandler');
+    }
+    /* eslint-disable no-param-reassign */
+    asyncHandler = (fn) => (req, res, next) => Promise.resolve(fn(req, res, next)).catch(next);
+    /* eslint-enable no-param-reassign */
+  }
+
+  const wrap = (fn) => asyncHandler(async (req, res) => {
+    try {
+      await fn(req, res);
+    } catch (err) {
+      log.warn && log.warn('network-lifecycle', 'route error', {
+        path: req.path,
+        err: err && err.message,
+        code: err && err.code,
+      });
+      const status = _statusFor(err);
+      res.status(status).json({
+        success: false,
+        error: err && err.message ? err.message : 'lifecycle failure',
+        code: (err && err.code) || null,
+      });
+    }
+  });
+
+  router.post('/people/:id/block', wrap(async (req, res) => {
+    const result = await lifecycle.blockPerson(req.params.id);
+    ok(res, { success: true, ...result });
+  }));
+
+  router.post('/people/:id/unblock', wrap(async (req, res) => {
+    const result = await lifecycle.unblockPerson(req.params.id);
+    // Honest-unblock (spec §5): the note is part of the contract —
+    // Tailscale users must be told their devices need to sign in again;
+    // WireGuard users are told peers reconnect immediately.
+    ok(res, { success: true, ...result });
+  }));
+
+  router.post('/people/:id/remove', wrap(async (req, res) => {
+    const result = await lifecycle.removePerson(req.params.id);
+    ok(res, { success: true, ...result });
+  }));
+
+  router.post('/devices/:id/revoke', wrap(async (req, res) => {
+    const personId = req.body && req.body.personId;
+    if (!personId || typeof personId !== 'string') {
+      res.status(400).json({
+        success: false,
+        error: 'personId is required in the body',
+        code: 'bad_input',
+      });
+      return;
+    }
+    const result = await lifecycle.revokeDevice(personId, req.params.id);
+    ok(res, { success: true, ...result });
+  }));
+
+  return router;
+};
diff --git a/dashcaddy-api/src/network/lifecycle.js b/dashcaddy-api/src/network/lifecycle.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ef91736
--- /dev/null
+++ b/dashcaddy-api/src/network/lifecycle.js
@@ -0,0 +1,348 @@
+/**
+ * Network lifecycle orchestration — DC-143 (specs/PRIVATE-NETWORK-SPEC.md §5).
+ *
+ * Block / unblock / remove person + revoke device, coordinating four systems
+ * behind one consistent operation each:
+ *
+ *   - the network provider (deny at ACL/firewall level, expire device keys)
+ *   - the people store (status: active | blocked | removed)
+ *   - the access store (person-level grants: purged on block, restored on
+ *     unblock, deleted on remove)
+ *   - DashCaddy sessions (killed on block/remove)
+ *
+ * ## Honest unblock (NORMATIVE, spec §5)
+ *
+ * Blocking a Tailscale person EXPIRES their device keys. Those keys are NOT
+ * silently un-expired on unblock — blocked devices must re-authenticate with
+ * Tailscale on next connect. unblockPerson() therefore returns
+ * `reauthRequired: true` for the tailscale provider plus a human-readable
+ * note; WireGuard peers are re-generated server-side from the stored pubkey
+ * and reconnect immediately (reauthRequired: false, different note).
+ *
+ * ## Ordering rules (consistency under provider failure)
+ *
+ *   block:   guard → snapshot grants → provider.blockPerson → mark blocked
+ *            → purge grants → kill sessions → audit.
+ *            A provider failure leaves the person ACTIVE with grants intact
+ *            (nothing mutated before the provider call succeeds).
+ *   unblock: mark active → restore grants → provider.unblockPerson → audit.
+ *   remove:  guard → provider.removePerson → delete person + grants +
+ *            snapshot → kill sessions → audit.
+ *
+ * Provider errors are mapped to ProviderError at this boundary and NEVER
+ * swallowed — the caller (route) sees them.
+ *
+ * All dependencies are injectable; nothing here touches the network or the
+ * filesystem beyond the (optional, injectable) grant-snapshot sidecar file.
+ */
+
+'use strict';
+
+const fs = require('fs');
+const path = require('path');
+const os = require('os');
+const { ProviderError } = require('./errors');
+
+const REAUTH_NOTES = {
+  tailscale:
+    'Unblocked, but blocked devices were signed out and their network keys expired — they will need to sign in again to reconnect.',
+  wireguard:
+    'Unblocked — WireGuard peers are restored from their stored keys and reconnect immediately; no re-authentication needed.',
+};
+
+const DEFAULT_NOTE =
+  'Unblocked — device access has been restored.';
+
+/**
+ * Read/write sidecar holding grant snapshots taken at block time so unblock
+ * can restore them. Plain JSON, best-effort (a missing/corrupt file means
+ * "nothing to restore", never a failed unblock).
+ */
+function _createSnapshotStore(dataDir) {
+  const file = path.join(dataDir, 'network-block-snapshots.json');
+  function load() {
+    try {
+      const data = JSON.parse(fs.readFileSync(file, 'utf8'));
+      return data && typeof data === 'object' && data.snapshots
+        ? data
+        : { snapshots: {} };
+    } catch (_err) {
+      return { snapshots: {} };
+    }
+  }
+  function save(data) {
+    const tmp = `${file}.tmp-${process.pid}-${Date.now()}`;
+    fs.writeFileSync(tmp, JSON.stringify(data, null, 2));
+    fs.renameSync(tmp, file);
+  }
+  return {
+    get(personId) {
+      const snaps = load().snapshots[personId];
+      return Array.isArray(snaps) ? snaps : [];
+    },
+    put(personId, grants) {
+      const data = load();
+      data.snapshots[personId] = grants;
+      save(data);
+    },
+    clear(personId) {
+      const data = load();
+      if (!(personId in data.snapshots)) return;
+      delete data.snapshots[personId];
+      save(data);
+    },
+  };
+}
+
+function createNetworkLifecycle({
+  provider,
+  peopleStore,
+  accessStore,
+  sessionKiller,
+  auditLog,
+  logger = { info() {}, warn() {}, error() {} },
+  snapshotDataDir,
+} = {}) {
+  if (!provider) throw new TypeError('lifecycle requires a provider');
+  if (!peopleStore) throw new TypeError('lifecycle requires a peopleStore');
+  if (!accessStore) throw new TypeError('lifecycle requires an accessStore');
+
+  const killSessions =
+    typeof sessionKiller === 'function'
+      ? sessionKiller
+      : async (personId) => {
+          logger.warn && logger.warn('network-lifecycle',
+            'no sessionKiller injected; sessions left standing', { personId });
+          return 0;
+        };
+
+  const audit =
+    auditLog && typeof auditLog.log === 'function'
+      ? (entry) => auditLog.log(entry).catch((err) => {
+          logger.warn && logger.warn('network-lifecycle',
+            'audit write failed (isolated)', { err: err && err.message });
+        })
+      : (_entry) => Promise.resolve();
+
+  const snapshots = _createSnapshotStore(
+    typeof snapshotDataDir === 'string' && snapshotDataDir
+      ? snapshotDataDir
+      : os.tmpdir()
+  );
+
+  /**
+   * Wrap a provider call: ProviderError passes through untouched; any other
+   * thrown value is mapped to a ProviderError so no provider-specific error
+   * type escapes the lifecycle. Never swallows.
+   */
+  async function _callProvider(method, ...args) {
+    try {
+      return await provider[method](...args);
+    } catch (err) {
+      if (err instanceof ProviderError) throw err;
+      throw new ProviderError(
+        `provider.${method} failed: ${err && err.message ? err.message : String(err)}`,
+        { code: (err && err.code) || 'server_error', cause: err }
+      );
+    }
+  }
+
+  /** Person-level grants currently in the access map. */
+  async function _personGrants(personId) {
+    const map = await accessStore.getAccessMap();
+    return (map.grants || [])
+      .filter(g => g.principal && g.principal.type === 'person' && g.principal.id === personId)
+      .map(g => ({ principal: { type: 'person', id: personId }, resource: g.resource, allowed: g.allowed }));
+  }
+
+  async function _requirePerson(personId) {
+    const person = await peopleStore.getPerson(personId);
+    if (!person) {
+      const err = new Error(`person not found: ${personId}`);
+      err.name = 'NotFoundError';
+      err.statusCode = 404;
+      err.code = 'not_found';
+      throw err;
+    }
+    return person;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * BLOCK a person (spec §5): network deny + expire device keys + kill
+   * DashCaddy sessions + mark blocked. Person-level grants are snapshotted
+   * (for unblock restore) and purged. Returns { blocked, grantSnapshot }.
+   */
+  async function blockPerson(personId) {
+    await _requirePerson(personId);
+    // Guard BEFORE any provider or local mutation.
+    await peopleStore.assertNotLastAdmin(personId);
+
+    // Snapshot BEFORE any mutation (restored by unblockPerson).
+    const grants = await _personGrants(personId);
+    snapshots.put(personId, grants);
+
+    // Provider first: a failure here leaves the person active + grants
+    // intact (consistent, honest) and the error surfaces to the caller.
+    await _callProvider('blockPerson', personId);
+
+    // Mark blocked BEFORE purging grants — a blocked person must never be
+    // observable as active-without-grants in the other direction either.
+    await peopleStore.updatePerson(personId, { status: 'blocked' });
+
+    for (const g of grants) {
+      await accessStore.removeGrant(g.principal, g.resource);
+    }
+
+    let sessionsKilled = 0;
+    try {
+      sessionsKilled = await killSessions(personId) || 0;
+    } catch (err) {
+      logger.error && logger.error('network-lifecycle',
+        'session kill failed after block (person already blocked)', {
+          personId, err: err && err.message,
+        });
+    }
+
+    await audit({
+      action: 'network.person.block',
+      resource: `network/people/${personId}`,
+      details: { personId, grantSnapshot: grants.length, sessionsKilled },
+      outcome: 'success',
+    });
+
+    logger.info && logger.info('network-lifecycle', 'person blocked', {
+      personId, grantSnapshot: grants.length,
+    });
+
+    return { blocked: true, grantSnapshot: grants.length, sessionsKilled };
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * UNBLOCK a person (spec §5, honest-unblock): reverse status, restore
+   * grants, reverse the network deny. Tailscale device keys that were
+   * expired at block time are NOT un-expired — those devices must sign in
+   * again, which the returned note states plainly. WireGuard peers are
+   * regenerated from stored pubkeys and reconnect immediately.
+   */
+  async function unblockPerson(personId) {
+    await _requirePerson(personId);
+
+    await peopleStore.updatePerson(personId, { status: 'active' });
+
+    const grants = snapshots.get(personId);
+    for (const g of grants) {
+      await accessStore.setGrant(g.principal, g.resource, g.allowed);
+    }
+    snapshots.clear(personId);
+
+    await _callProvider('unblockPerson', personId);
+
+    const providerId = typeof provider.id === 'function' ? provider.id() : 'unknown';
+    const reauthRequired = providerId === 'tailscale';
+    const note = REAUTH_NOTES[providerId] || DEFAULT_NOTE;
+
+    await audit({
+      action: 'network.person.unblock',
+      resource: `network/people/${personId}`,
+      details: { personId, restoredGrants: grants.length, reauthRequired, providerId },
+      outcome: 'success',
+    });
+
+    logger.info && logger.info('network-lifecycle', 'person unblocked', {
+      personId, restoredGrants: grants.length, reauthRequired,
+    });
+
+    return {
+      unblocked: true,
+      restoredGrants: grants.length,
+      reauthRequired,
+      note,
+      providerId,
+    };
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * REMOVE a person: block semantics + provider device deletion + delete
+   * the person record + purge grants + kill sessions. Not reversible.
+   */
+  async function removePerson(personId) {
+    await _requirePerson(personId);
+    await peopleStore.assertNotLastAdmin(personId);
+
+    await _callProvider('removePerson', personId);
+
+    await peopleStore.deletePerson(personId);
+
+    const grants = await _personGrants(personId);
+    for (const g of grants) {
+      await accessStore.removeGrant(g.principal, g.resource);
+    }
+    snapshots.clear(personId);
+
+    let sessionsKilled = 0;
+    try {
+      sessionsKilled = await killSessions(personId) || 0;
+    } catch (err) {
+      logger.error && logger.error('network-lifecycle',
+        'session kill failed after remove (person already deleted)', {
+          personId, err: err && err.message,
+        });
+    }
+
+    await audit({
+      action: 'network.person.remove',
+      resource: `network/people/${personId}`,
+      details: { personId, purgedGrants: grants.length, sessionsKilled },
+      outcome: 'success',
+    });
+
+    logger.info && logger.info('network-lifecycle', 'person removed', { personId });
+
+    return { removed: true, purgedGrants: grants.length, sessionsKilled };
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * REVOKE one device: expire its access at the provider and drop it from
+   * person.devices. `personId` must own the device.
+   */
+  async function revokeDevice(personId, deviceId) {
+    if (!deviceId || typeof deviceId !== 'string') {
+      const err = new Error('deviceId is required');
+      err.name = 'ValidationError';
+      err.statusCode = 400;
+      err.code = 'bad_input';
+      throw err;
+    }
+    const person = await _requirePerson(personId);
+    if (!person.devices.some(d => (d && d.id) === deviceId || d === deviceId)) {
+      const err = new Error(`device ${deviceId} does not belong to person ${personId}`);
+      err.name = 'NotFoundError';
+      err.statusCode = 404;
+      err.code = 'not_found';
+      throw err;
+    }
+
+    await _callProvider('revokeDevice', deviceId);
+
+    await peopleStore.updatePerson(personId, {
+      devices: person.devices.filter(d => (d && d.id) !== deviceId && d !== deviceId),
+    });
+
+    await audit({
+      action: 'network.device.revoke',
+      resource: `network/devices/${deviceId}`,
+      details: { personId, deviceId },
+      outcome: 'success',
+    });
+
+    logger.info && logger.info('network-lifecycle', 'device revoked', {
+      personId, deviceId,
+    });
+
+    return { revoked: true, personId, deviceId };
+  }
+
+  return { blockPerson, unblockPerson, removePerson, revokeDevice };
+}
+
+module.exports = { createNetworkLifecycle, REAUTH_NOTES };