Add Security Center — multi-source event pipeline with dashboard UI
Introduces a unified security event store and HTTP API that ingests events from any of the configured sources (API audit, Caddy access log, fail2ban, shared_bans, future remote agents) and surfaces them in the dashboard. New files: src/security/event-store.js JSONL-backed store + in-memory query index src/security/host-registry.js Registered hosts with per-host API keys src/security/event-workers.js Tail-followers for Caddy/fail2ban/shared_bans logs routes/security.js Events, hosts, ingest, SSE stream endpoints status/js/security-center.js Dashboard modal with Overview/Events/Hosts tabs SECURITY-FEATURE.md Full feature documentation DEAD-CODE.md, DUP-CODE.md, HARDENING.md Prior audits Modified: src/app.js Mount /api/v1/security/* src/utilities/middleware.js Add ingest endpoints to PUBLIC_ROUTES src/security/audit-logger.js Mirror audit events into security store server.js Start security workers on boot status/build.js Bundle security-center.js status/index.html Add Security button to nav
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# DashCaddy Security Center — Feature Documentation
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**Built:** 2026-07-13
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**Author:** Sami Ahmed
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**Code:** assistant implementation
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**Scope:** Medium — multi-source ingest, no agent binary yet
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---
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## What is the Security Center?
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A unified **security event pipeline** inside DashCaddy that collects, indexes, and visualizes security-relevant events from every source you can plug into it. Today: API events, Caddy access logs, fail2ban bans, shared_bans promotions. Tomorrow: remote DashCaddy agents, syslog feeds, anything that emits events over HTTPS.
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The goal: **one place to ask "who is accessing what, where, and when?"** across every service and every host you run DashCaddy on.
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---
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## Architecture
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```
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┌──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
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│ DashCaddy (Central Instance) │
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│ │
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│ ┌─────────────────┐ ┌─────────────────┐ ┌─────────────────┐ │
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│ │ audit-logger │ │ Caddy log tail │ │ fail2ban tail │ ... │
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│ │ (API events) │ │ (HTTP requests) │ │ (SSH bans) │ │
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│ └────────┬────────┘ └────────┬────────┘ └────────┬────────┘ │
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│ │ │ │ │
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│ └────────────────────┼────────────────────┘ │
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│ ▼ │
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│ ┌───────────────────────┐ │
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│ │ Security Event │ │
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│ │ Store (JSONL) │ │
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│ │ + In-memory index │ │
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│ └───────────┬───────────┘ │
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│ │ │
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│ ┌───────────┴───────────┐ │
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│ │ │ │
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│ ▼ ▼ │
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│ ┌──────────────┐ ┌──────────────┐ │
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│ │ REST API │ │ SSE Stream │ │
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│ │ /security/ │ │ /events/ │ │
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│ │ events │ │ stream │ │
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│ │ hosts │ └──────┬───────┘ │
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│ │ ingest │ │ │
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│ └──────┬───────┘ │ │
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│ │ │ │
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└───────────────────┼───────────────────────┼───────────────────────────────┘
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│ │
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┌───────────┴───────────┐ │
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│ │ │
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▼ ▼ ▼
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┌──────────┐ ┌─────────────────────────┐
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│ Dashboard│ │ Remote DashCaddy Agents│
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│ (UI) │ │ (POST /events/ingest) │
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└──────────┘ └─────────────────────────┘
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```
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**Three pillars:**
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1. **Event ingest** — multiple sources feed a single store via a normalized schema
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2. **Query API** — REST endpoints + Server-Sent Events for live tail
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3. **Dashboard UI** — Overview / Events / Hosts tabs
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---
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## Files added/changed
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### New files
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| File | Purpose |
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|---|---|
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| `src/security/event-store.js` | JSONL-backed append-only store + in-memory query index |
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| `src/security/host-registry.js` | Registered hosts/locations with per-host API keys |
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| `src/security/event-workers.js` | Tail-followers for Caddy access log, fail2ban log, shared_bans apply log |
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| `routes/security.js` | Express route factory: events, hosts, ingest, SSE stream |
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| `status/js/security-center.js` | Dashboard modal: Overview / Events / Hosts tabs with live tail |
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### Modified files
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| File | Change |
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|---|---|
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| `src/app.js` | Mounts `/api/v1/security/*` |
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| `src/utilities/middleware.js` | Adds `/api/v1/security/events/ingest` and `/events/batch` to PUBLIC_ROUTES (per-host Bearer auth replaces TOTP) |
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| `src/security/audit-logger.js` | Mirrors API audit events into the security store |
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| `server.js` | Starts the security event workers on boot |
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| `status/build.js` | Bundles `security-center.js` into features.js |
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| `status/index.html` | Adds "🛡️ Security" button to dashboard nav |
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---
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## Event schema
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```json
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{
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"id": "uuid-v4",
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"ts": "2026-07-13T01:35:55.123Z",
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"source_host": "dns2", // hostname or registered host id
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"source_type": "api" | "caddy" | "fail2ban" | "shared-bans" | "agent" | "syslog",
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"actor": "192.0.2.1", // IP, user, agent_id — null is allowed
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"target": "/api/v1/auth/login", // endpoint, service id, host — null is allowed
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"action": "auth.login", // free-form but stable per source_type
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"outcome": "success" | "denied" | "blocked" | "rate-limited" | "error" | "unknown",
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"severity": "info" | "notice" | "warn" | "error" | "critical",
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"message": "human-readable one-liner",
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"metadata": { ... } // free-form, source-specific
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}
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```
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**Severity semantics:**
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| Level | Meaning | Examples |
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|---|---|---|
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| `info` | Normal operation | API GET, successful login, shared_bans applied |
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| `notice` | Worth a glance | failed login attempt, ban event, config change |
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| `warn` | Attention needed | 401/403 on sensitive endpoint, auth.totp-disable, container.delete |
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| `error` | Something failed | 5xx HTTP, dependency failure |
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| `critical` | Active threat | (not auto-emitted in v1 — reserved for v2 alerting engine) |
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---
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## API surface
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All under `/api/v1/security/*`. Auth: TOTP/JWT/API-key via existing middleware, EXCEPT `/events/ingest` and `/events/batch` which use a per-host Bearer token.
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### Events
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| Method | Path | Purpose |
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|---|---|---|
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| GET | `/events` | List/query events with filters: `source_type`, `source_host`, `severity`, `outcome`, `actor`, `actor_prefix`, `action`, `target`, `since`, `until`. Pagination via `limit`/`offset`. |
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| GET | `/events/stats` | Aggregations: counts by source/severity/host, top actors, top targets. Use `?since=ISO` for a time window. |
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| GET | `/events/stream` | **Server-Sent Events** for live tail. Initial payload = last 20 events. Subsequent payloads = new events as they happen. |
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| GET | `/events/:id` | Single event by id |
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| POST | `/events/ingest` | Single event ingest (per-host Bearer auth) |
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| POST | `/events/batch` | Batch ingest, max 500 events per request (per-host Bearer auth) |
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### Hosts
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| Method | Path | Purpose |
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|---|---|---|
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| GET | `/hosts` | List all registered hosts |
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| POST | `/hosts` | Register new host. Returns `api_key` **once** — caller must store it. |
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| GET | `/hosts/:id` | Host details |
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| PATCH | `/hosts/:id` | Update `label`, `type`, `meta`, `enabled` |
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| DELETE | `/hosts/:id` | Deregister host. Events already received remain. (Cannot delete `self`.) |
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| GET | `/hosts/:id/health` | Last seen, event count (24h), severity breakdown, online/stale status |
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| POST | `/hosts/:id/rotate-key` | **Returns 501 in v1** — to rotate, deregister + re-register. |
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---
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## Configuring the event workers
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### Caddy access log
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The Caddy worker reads `/var/log/caddy/access.log`. To use it, configure Caddy to log in JSON format:
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```caddyfile
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# In your Caddyfile global options:
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{
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log default {
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output file /var/log/caddy/access.log {
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roll_size 100mb
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roll_keep 10
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}
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format json
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}
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}
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```
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Then reload Caddy. The worker will pick up new lines automatically (it persists its byte offset across restarts).
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### fail2ban log
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Reads `/var/log/fail2ban.log`. Default location, no config needed. Captures both `Ban` and `Unban` events.
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### shared_bans apply log
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Reads `/var/log/shared-bans-apply.log`. Default location, no config needed. Emits one event per "Applied N entries" line.
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### Override paths via env
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```bash
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export CADDY_ACCESS_LOG=/custom/path/caddy.log
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export FAIL2BAN_LOG=/custom/path/fail2ban.log
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export SHARED_BANS_LOG=/custom/path/shared-bans-apply.log
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export DATA_DIR=/opt/dashcaddy/data # for offset state files
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export SECURITY_EVENT_LOG_FILE=/opt/dashcaddy/data/security-events.jsonl
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export SECURITY_HOSTS_FILE=/opt/dashcaddy/data/security-hosts.json
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```
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---
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## Dashboard UI
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Click **🛡️ Security** in the dashboard toolbar to open the Security Center.
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### Overview tab
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- 5 stat cards: events (24h), warnings, errors, denied, hosts
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- Top Actors (24h) — IPs / users hitting your services most
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- Top Targets (24h) — endpoints most-hit
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### Events tab
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- Filterable by source_type, severity, source_host, actor (prefix)
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- Live-tail checkbox — toggles SSE stream
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- Color-coded by severity
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- Auto-refreshes on new events when live-tail is on
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### Hosts tab
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- List of registered hosts with status dot (🟢 online / 🟡 stale / ⚪ never-seen / 🔴 disabled)
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- Click "➕ Register Host" to add a new location
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- **api_key is shown exactly once** at registration time, in a dialog the user must save
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- Cannot delete the `self` host from the UI
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---
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## Adding a remote DashCaddy agent (v2 design)
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The remote-agent path is **already wired**. To onboard a new DashCaddy location:
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1. Open the Security Center on the central instance
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2. Hosts tab → Register Host → id=`nas1`, label="Synology NAS", type="dashcaddy"
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3. Save the displayed `api_key`
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4. On the remote host, run:
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```bash
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curl -X POST https://central.sami/api/v1/security/events/ingest \
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-H "Authorization: Bearer dca_xxx..." \
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-H "Content-Type: application/json" \
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-d '{
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"source_type": "agent",
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"actor": "1.2.3.4",
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"target": "/volume1/web/login",
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"action": "auth.login",
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"outcome": "denied",
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"severity": "warn",
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"message": "Failed admin login"
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}'
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```
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5. The remote host now appears in the Security Center's Hosts tab
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6. Events show up in the Events tab tagged with `source_host=nas1`
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A standalone DCA (DashCaddy Agent) binary that tails `/var/log/auth.log`, `/var/log/nginx/access.log`, etc. is **v2 work**.
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---
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## Performance & limits
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| Metric | v1 limit | Where it hurts at scale |
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| Events in memory | 10,000 | Querying `?limit=10000` works; going beyond this hits only disk |
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| Events on disk | 100,000 (rotated) | Beyond this, oldest events get trimmed during `_maybeTrim()` |
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| Batch ingest size | 500 events/request | Adjustable in `routes/security.js` if needed |
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| SSE stream idle timeout | 30s heartbeat | Browser auto-reconnects |
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| Concurrent SSE clients | unbounded (each holds 1 HTTP connection) | For v2, add per-client cap |
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If you grow past 100k events on disk, **switch the store to SQLite**. The current JSONL design is intentionally simple for v1.
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---
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## What I deliberately did NOT build
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These are real features that you may want next, but I scoped them out to ship something working today:
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- ❌ **Alerting engine** — rules like "5+ failures from one IP in 60s → notify" — v2
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- ❌ **Active ban-from-UI** — `/api/v1/security/actions/ban` to push to shared_bans — v2
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- ❌ **GeoIP enrichment** — translate IPs to countries on ingest — v2
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- ❌ **DCA agent binary** — standalone Node.js process that tails arbitrary log files — v2
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- ❌ **Syslog UDP/TCP listener** — receive syslog directly on port 514 — v2
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- ❌ **Per-IP timeline view** — click an IP, see every event from them across all sources — v2
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- ❌ **Hot-archive / cold-archive tiering** — keep 30 days hot, compress older to monthly files — v2
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---
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## Testing performed (2026-07-13)
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| Test | Result |
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| Event store append + query + stats | ✅ PASS — 5 events appended, queried by severity, stats aggregated correctly |
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| Persistence across "restart" | ✅ PASS — events survive reload from JSONL |
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| Host registry + auth | ✅ PASS — self-registered on first boot, Bearer-token auth round-trip works |
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| Caddy log worker (mock log) | ✅ PASS — 3 events emitted with correct severity (401→warn, 200→info) |
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| fail2ban log worker (mock log) | ✅ PASS — Ban/Unban events emitted |
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| shared_bans log worker (mock log) | ✅ PASS — "Applied N entries" event emitted |
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| All routes load without syntax error | ✅ PASS |
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| Routes factory returns Express Router | ✅ PASS |
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| audit-logger still loads after changes | ✅ PASS |
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---
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## Open questions / decisions to make
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1. **Where should the api_key for a remote host live in storage?** Currently it's returned once to the human operator, who must save it. A future "central-admin pulls from agent via reverse-channel" would be more secure but more complex.
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2. **Should the Caddy access log parser be on by default?** It requires Caddy to log JSON, which is a config change. The worker gracefully no-ops if the file doesn't exist.
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3. **Event retention policy.** Current default is 100k events on disk ≈ ~1 year at current volume, less under attack. Increase `SECURITY_EVENT_MAX_DISK` if needed.
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---
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*This document lives at `/root/dashcaddy/SECURITY-FEATURE.md`. Files committed as part of this build are listed in section "Files added/changed" above.*
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